The cell wall is mostly found in plant and fungal cells that provide shape to the cell. The cell wall is a rigid non-living structure that surrounds the plasma membrane. While the integral proteins are proteins that are held in the lipid bilayer very tightly and cannot be removed easily. Peripheral proteins are proteins that are held with the bilayer loosely and can be easily removed. Lipids are phospholipids, glycolipids, and sterol and the proteins are peripheral proteins and integral proteins.

There are three types of lipid and two types of protein present in the plasma membrane. Hydrophobic interactions are the primary forces for organizing lipid bilayer. The bilayer is composed of two layers of amphipathic molecules that contain polar heads and nonpolar tails. According to this model, the membrane is a quasi-fluid structure in which proteins are embedded throughout the lipid bilayer and this lipid bilayer provides fluidity and elasticity to the membrane. In 1972, Jonathan Singer and Garth Nicolson proposed the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. It is selectively permeable Based on the can that only allows specific solutes to pass through it. The plasma membrane is a dynamic, fluid-structure that is present in the external boundary of the cell and separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.

All cells have the same chemical composition.

Cells contain the hereditary information which is passed from cell to cell during cell division.

All energy flow takes place within the cells.

All cells arise from the pre-existing cells by division method and this was given by Rudolf Virchow.

The cell is said to be the basic structural and functional unit of living things.

Every living organism is made up of cells.

In 1839, two scientists named Schleiden who was a German botanist, and Schwann who was a British zoologist, announced the cell theory.

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